The Caribbean is the second most affected region in the world after sub-Saharan Africa. Some 230,000 people were living with HIV in 2007. HIV prevalence is highest in the Dominican Republic and Haiti, which together account for nearly three quarters all people living with HIV in the Caribbean.

AIDS remains one of the leading causes of death in the Caribbean among people aged 25 to 44 years. The main mode of HIV transmission in this region is unprotected heterosexual intercourse.